Diluting Traditions Essays

Weakening Traditions Essays Weakening Traditions Essay Weakening Traditions Essay Weakening Traditions: Adapting to America Culture in the Stories of Julia Alvarez and Jose Burciaga [pic] Julia Alvarez Jose Antonio Burciaga March 27, 1950 to introduce 1940 1996 Pedro Aguayo Research paper May 26, 2010 Diluting Traditions: Adapting to America Culture in the Stories of Julia Alvarez and Jose Burciaga In â€Å"Hold the Mayonnaise† by Julia Alvarez and â€Å"I Remember Masa† by Jose Burciaga, the creators reproduce the topic of Hispanic food and its impact in North American propensities and customs. They mirror the connection between societies dependent on the combination of two distinct personalities. Mexican-American and Dominican-American conventions are uncovered, making a double vision of life in North America. In â€Å"Hold the Mayonnaise,† Julia Alvarez portrays her experience as Hispanic stepmother with two American stepdaughters. The utilization of mayonnaise as an image for the American food culture help to show the mixing of the general public. Alvarez delineates the experience of her mom and the presence of conditions changing her way in North America. The Mayonnaise start a ribbon of association with the stepdaughters. Julia Alvarez adjusts her Hispanic conventions to discover new Hispanic-American custom. â€Å"All I could consider was that she would cause me to eat mayonnaise, a food I related to the United States and which I despised. Mami comprehended, obviously, that I wasn’t used to that sort of food† (Alvarez,1992). â€Å"Even a madrastra, familiar with our rice and beans and tostones and pollo frito, would comprehend. Be that as it may, an American stepmother would think it was entirely expected to put mayonnaise on food† (Alvarez,1992). Priscila Campello states â€Å"Now the voice and vision are not a greater amount of the little girl of outcast, the young lady who attempts to acclimatize and fit into North American culture, the unprotected young lady who needs to be acknowledged in both social universes. Nothing more representative than mayonnaise, fundamental part of any cheap food sandwiches, where the principal contact started with this other age, the age of eating up sandwiches loaded up with mayonnaise and different kinds of low quality nourishment, is here when Alvarez starts to build up her new Latin-North American identity† (Campello, 2008) . In â€Å"I Remember Masa†, Jose Burciaga portrays his experience as American Hispanic utilizing the tortilla as a path to clarify the significance of social propensities and the combination between the American and Hispanic culture. Burciaga exhibits creation of tortillas as a component of the day by day schedule of Mexican-American locals. His own children make approaches to consolidate their tortillas with jam and nutty spread. Burciaga text, showed the twofold Mexican-North American collaboration of societies through the food. The best tortillas are high quality, the readiness require a few hours of delicate slaps that give a tortilla character. In spite of the fact that machines are quicker, they can never sufficiently supplant age to age experience† (Burciaga, 1988). Cheryl Glenn remarks â€Å"The tangible subtleties that inject Burciaga’s meaning of tortilla make his definition engaging and essential. Since portrayal makes such of subtleties, it serves to c haracterize what is being depicted specifically ways† (Glenn, 2009). All in all I concur with the utilization of food to overcome any barrier between societies . I utilize Peruvian dish ‘Papa a la Huancaina’ during our holidays, this shop made with mix of potato and exceptional zesty cheddar blended in with milk and outlandish herbs, help me to fabricate connections of companionships with Hispanics and Americans. I understand Hispanics and Americans in this universe of globalization make ways of correspondence through food. References Alvarez, J. (1992) â€Å"Hold the Mayonnaise. Clouse, B. F. (Ed). (2010). The Student Writer: New York, New York : McGraw-Hill. Burciaga, J. A. (1981) â€Å"I Remember Masa. † Clouse, B. F. (Ed). (2010). The Student Writer: New York, New York : McGraw-Hill. Campello, P. (2008, April). â€Å"The Exile and Return of the Immigrant. † Retrieved May 25, 2010 from bibliotecadigital. ufmg. br/Glenn, C. (2009, September) â€Å"The Harbrace Guide to Writing. † Retrieved May 26, 2010 from books. google. com/books/

Meaning of Instrumental Variables (IV) in Econometrics

Which means of Instrumental Variables (IV) in Econometrics In the fields of insights and econometrics, the term instrumental variablesâ can allude to both of two definitions. Instrumental factors can allude to: An estimation strategy (frequently shortened as IV)The exogenous factors utilized in the IV estimation procedure As a technique for estimation, instrumental factors (IV) are utilized in numerous financial applications regularly when a controlled investigation to test the presence of a causal relationship isn't practical andâ some connection between's the first illustrative factors and the blunder term is suspected. At the point when the informative factors associate or give some type of reliance with the mistake terms in a relapse relationship, instrumental factors can give a steady estimation. The hypothesis of instrumental factors was first presented by Philip G. Wright in his 1928 distribution titled The Tariff on Animal and Vegetable Oils however has since developed in its applications in financial aspects. At the point when Instrumental Variables Are Used There are a few conditions under which illustrative factors show a relationship with the blunder terms and an instrumental variable might be utilized. Initially, the reliant factors may really cause one of the logical factors (otherwise called the covariates). Or then again, pertinent illustrative factors are just excluded or neglected in the model. It might even be that the informative factors endured some mistake of estimation. The issue with any of these circumstances is that the customary straight relapse that may regularly be utilized in the investigation may create conflicting or one-sided gauges, which is the place instrumental factors (IV) would then be utilized and the second meaning of instrumental factors turns out to be progressively significant. Notwithstanding being the name of the strategy, instrumental factors are likewise the very factors used to get consistentâ estimates utilizing this technique. They are exogenous, implying that they exist outside of the logical condition, yet as instrumental factors, they are corresponded with the conditions endogenous factors. Past this definition, there is one other essential necessity for utilizing an instrumental variable in a direct model: the instrumental variable must not be related with the blunder term of the logical condition. In other words that the instrumental variable can't represent a similar issue as the first factor for which it is endeavoring to determine. Instrumental Variables in Econometrics Terms For a more profound comprehension of instrumental factors, lets audit an example. Suppose one has a model: y Xb e Here y is a T x 1 vector of ward factors, X is a T x k lattice of autonomous factors, b is a k x 1 vector of parameters to gauge, and e is a k x 1 vector of blunders. OLS can be envisioned, however assume in the earth being demonstrated that the lattice of autonomous factors X might be corresponded to the es. At that point utilizing a T x k grid of free factors Z, related to the Xs yet uncorrelated to the es one can develop an IV estimator that will be steady: bIV (ZX)- 1Zy The two-phase least squares estimator is a significant augmentation of this thought. In that conversation over, the exogenous factors Z are called instrumental factors and the instruments (ZZ)- 1(ZX) are assessments of the piece of X that isn't related to the es.

Artist Resume Examples, Template and Resume Tips

Artist Resume Examples, Template and Resume Tips It is widely thought that being an artist isn’t very profitable nowadays as people associate them with street painters or contemporary artists that combine all previous art movements into one and many people don’t even consider it art.On the contrary, many talented artists today are looking for jobs in the branches of graphic design, photography, game development and so on, not because they know how to draw and paint, but because of their creativity and imagination.Being an artist today means that you can create art in all shapes and forms and you don’t need a canvas to do so, and that’s why it’s no surprise that so many young artists get hired by design, marketing, software, and even clothing companies need an artist to create and design all kinds of projects, images, templates and so on.Of course, as in any profession sometimes it is hard to find the perfect job, but if you know how to implement your talent and how to use your skills in a way which will not only benefit t he company but also create a living by using your creative side then you have nothing to worry about except how your resume will look like.So if you think you have what it takes to have a career being an animator, illustrator, graphic designer, and even an art teacher and you think you have the creative mind which can benefit any company, then stay tuned to see how to write the best resume for such positions.Graphic Designer Resume Example Right Technical Illustrator Resume Example Right Create your own resumeThese were two examples of how your resume should look like when youre applying for a job in the art industry and what typically employers pay attention to.Now we are going to go through each of the section, step by step to assure that you write the proper format of the resume and actually have a chance of getting the job.Feel free to use our resume templates as they will make it easy for you to add or change any section you want and they are pretty convenient for any job application.GUIDE ON WRITING THE PERSONAL INFO SECTIONBasically, every resume youre going to write should start the same and that is with your personal information.Of course, you shouldnt provide any information you dont feel comfortable sharing, but things like your full name, phone number and address shouldnt be something you would want to hide from your future boss.Information such as a photograph usually isn’t required but if it is then it will be specified by your employer before you se nd your resume.Some employers don’t even require you to share your address, but a phone number and e-mail is most certainly a must.Speaking of E-Mails, you shouldnt be using an E-Mail address which youve created when you were a kid, and we all had those embarrassing E-Mail addresses so dont act like you dont know what we are talking about.Instead, you should create a new E-Mail address just for work and it should sound professional, something in the ball-park of:Jennifer.sullivan@gmail.com RightJenny_summergirl89@gmail.com WrongAs far as your full name is concerned, things are pretty straightforward. You should stay clear of nicknames, alias names, and pseudonyms and just use your real name.Bob Maguire RightBobby Maguire WrongAlso, when you’re listing your profession, you shouldn’t put a broad one like for example an artist, instead you should write your actual profession, maybe the subject you’ve graduated on or the topic of your master thesis.You can even write your pr evious job title if you’ve changed professions during your career, but surely you should write something which has ties to the job you’re applying for now.Animation illustrator RightArtist WrongLast thing, your social media, if you use any, is useful because sites such as LinkedIn can be used as your other resume where employers if they are interested in you, can find out more about you and your skillset, so it is a good idea to list that as well.But don’t forget to keep it professional and don’t complain about your new job on social media as your employers will surely keep track of you once you get the job.GUIDE ON WRITING THE SUMMARY SECTIONMoving on we have the Summary section which is basically a mini intro for your work experience, education, and skills.There are certain things which you need to pay attention in order to write the summary section correctly:Being precise â€" you shouldn’t write things in your summary which can’t be found in the rest of your resume meaning that your summary should match it exactly.High expectations â€" for the most part, your summary can sound great, but if you dont have the work experience and skill set to back it up, then its going to turn out being overestimated or even false.Boring â€" no one wants to read your summary and fall asleep because your employer will think that the rest of the resume is the same, so you need to find a way for the summary to sound exciting but also be honest about yourself.A great summary generally consists of two or three sentences describing your skillsets, experience and the place you graduated from and typically it should contain at least one reason why you are applying for this job. So a good summary should look something like this:SummaryA college-educated visual artist proficient in photography, drawing, and painting and I have started from an internship in few galleries to working for movie sets of companies such as Universal Orlando Resort to even Twentieth Century Fox. I am creative, hardworking and enjoy working with other talented individuals. RightSummaryGraduated from Columbus College of Art Design. Worked for Trigger Global, Inc. Great communication skills and creativity. WrongAs you can see, there is nothing worse than having a bland summary, because even if you are qualified for the job, just by reading your summary, no one will expect anything from you, so you have to spice it up a little.GUIDE ON WRITING THE EXPERIENCE SECTIONWriting the Experience section is maybe the most important thing on your resume mainly because it provides your employer with information valuable to his company.If youve been a good employee in most companies youve worked for and if you have the required skill set to contribute to the company youre applying then theres no reason why you shouldnt get the job.Also, you are providing your employer the information of for how long have you’ve been employed and unemployed which is, for some employers, valuable inform ation as they are not so willing to employ someone who doesn’t have at least 2 or 3 years of experience.Remember, you should always add 3 or 4 bullets about how you’ve contributed to the company and feel free to add some numbers and percentages to convince your employer that you’ve actually made an impact at your previous job position. Right WrongOne more thing, you should write just the jobs you’ve previously had which are worth mentioning and not the ones which have no connection to the profession you’re applying for so keep that in mind as no employer wants to know that you’ve worked at McDonald’s for a year before you were an industrial designer.GUIDE ON WRITING THE EDUCATION SECTIONIt is often believed that employers dont look at the Education section as much as they look at the Experience section but that is not true as every employer would rather hire a smart kid with good grades who is hardworking rather than someone who worked for Sony Pictures but didnt do anything special and just collected his paycheck.Dont get us wrong, ideally, you would have a great education and great work experience but most often thats not the case.Anyways, if you have a great education and if you know how to put that education right it can help you balance out your weak work experience and it will most certainly help you find a job if you’ve just started out searching for one.When writing the Education section you should highlight things such as:The college, academy or online course you’ve graduated from.GPA score if it is very high.Papers youve written, projects youve taken part in and seminars youve visited.Organizations and clubs you’ve joined.When it comes to being an artist everyone will agree that it takes some talent, but without some education, you won’t be able to express your talent in the best way possible and it will never get noticed.That is why many talented people, mainly artists, have perfected their artistic soul through college and academies and knowing this, surely your employer will be paying attention to where youve gone to art school.GUIDE ON WRITING THE SKILLS SECTIONFor an artist, the Skills section might be one of the more important sections of the resume because here you are welcome to list all the things you find yourself talented for.And because not all painters paint in the same style and not all designers design the models with the same tools, here you are free to use your creative mind and express your skills in whatever way you please.When it comes to listing your skill set as an artist who specifies in painting and drawing you can emphasize the style in which you create art whether it is using watercolor, oil paint, graphite, acrylic paint and so on.The same principle can be applied to professions such as a graphic designer or technical illustrator as they use different programs and software to create models and designs for their companies.And, because the art industry covers a lot of job positions, you will need to figure out what you should point out being your skillset in your branch of the profession.As long as you don’t list mediocre skills which everyone who finished art school has, you will do just fine, but if you’re still wondering how it all should turn out, you should write something in the line of:SkillsExcellent at programs such as Photoshop, 3D Studio Max and Zbrush.Great at designing shading, particle and background effects.Specialized in modeling and designing characters for games and commercials.Good at working in a group and also have great leadership skills as well.Great at organizing projects and managing time. RightSkillsGreat at drawing, painting, and sculpting.Can use MS Office kit.Great at communicating and working with other people. WrongSide note: Definitely don’t write things such as “great at cooking lasagna” or “great swimmer” except in the case of you applying to be a chef or a coast guard and even in that case you shouldn’t point out the obvious.USEFUL TIPS AND TRICKSLength of your resume â€" Some people think that they have so many things to list in their resume that they start to wonder if two pages are enough while others don’t even know if they can fill out one page. The truth is that one page is pretty much all you need and that you should try and fit everything on one page, if not then two pages are fine but three are definitely too much.Proofreading â€" You should send your resume to a proofreader because you never know if you’ve made a grammatical error which can seriously damage your credibility.Reviewing â€" You should also send your resume to someone who is already receiving countless resumes daily and who knows how an employer thinks because he can give you some tips on how to make your resume look more professional.Articulate â€" You need to be able to articulate the information you provide on your resume precisely so you don’t end up being interpreted the wrong way which can mean two things. One, don’t seem like you’re begging for the job, let your skills and experience speak for you, and two, don’t write information which doesn’t belong in your resume such as childhood stories and so on.Adapting your resume â€" Ideally, you should write a different resume every time you apply for a new job mainly because not all job po sitions require the same skills and the same work experience so you need to adjust those things accordingly.Bulleting â€" You should use bullet point as often as you can as they are great for skimming the resume and knowing that the employers often spend just 6 seconds on average looking at a resume you need to make sure that key words pop out at him.Highlighting â€" Highlighting can be used in combination with bullet points to emphasize keywords but try not to over-do it as it can seem like youre trying to impress your employer too much.Font â€" Stay clear of handwritten styled fonts such as Segoe Print or MV Boli, and definitely don’t use Comic Sans, instead you should use fonts like Cambria, Calibri, Times New Roman, Helvetica and so on.Formatting â€" Please have a copy of your resume both in physical and digital form and always use different formats such as PDF and TXT because you never know if your employer will need both of them.E-Mail â€" Checking your E-Mail is a must when applying for a job because nowadays its highly unlikely that youll get a phone call directly from your boss asking you if you can come into work tomorrow because youre hired. So by checking your E-Mail you will be sure not to miss out on their reply.Resume template â€" By using one of our resume templates you will surely find just the right one for your profession and you’ll surely have an easy time adding the sections you need which will save you a lot of your precious time.CONCLUSIONThat’s pretty much it when it comes to writing your resume as an artist and if you follow these steps you have a high chance of getting the job position you’re applying for.Remember how to list your skillset properly and what you should point out in that section, what to emphasize in your Education section and how to properly write down your work experience and the contribution you’ve made in the places you’ve worked in.If you’re still unsure on how to write the perfect resume and are conc erned about its layout than don’t waste time and go check out our resume template builder and start writing your resume by implementing all that we’ve talked here about today.Good luck with finding your dream job! Create your own resume

Literary and Formal Negative Structures in French

Cuban Missile Crisis Nature Of The Cold War - 1092 Words

COLD WAR ASSIGNMENT (Cuban missile crisis) Nature of the Cold war The cold war was a clash between two superpowers with competing ideologies, or sets of ideas. Although they had been allies against the common enemies of Germany and japan during World War 2, both sides distrusted each other. After the war this distrust evolved into a long term hostility. This era was called the ‘Cold war’ because the two superpowers never directly assaulted each other. This war was very political as it was fought through propaganda, by proxy (the actual battle was fought by too different and not as powerful countries), and threats that could lead to massive conflicts. People have debated whether the Cold War was more a war of ideas and soft power rather than a war dominated by the importance of nuclear weapons and military strength. Nature and causes of the event (Cuban Missile Crisis) The Cuban missile crisis was a very political issue. To discuss its nature, I will first explain the events that led into the happening of the Cuban missile crisis. In 1959, Fidel Castro’s communist government took control of Cuba and the Soviet Union gave the new government economic aid. John F Kennedy became aware of the CIA’s plan to use anti-communist Cubans to overthrow Fidel. The attempted invasion at the Bay of Pigs failed. This event had convinced Castro that the United States had decided to get rid of the communist government, and himself along with it. Castro then turned to the Soviet Union forShow MoreRelatedThe Cuban Missile Crisis During The Cold War1378 Words   |  6 PagesThe Cuban Missile Crisis occurred in 1963 in a setting that was the high point of tension in the Cold War. The most significant background cause of the Cuban Missile Crisis was the underlying cold war ideology of capitalism vs communism. This was dramatically increased by the second ke y cause, a series of events that quickly built tensions between the super powers from 1959 such as the U2 incident, JFK’s response to the Berlin Wall, and the Bay of Pigs incident. The third cause was the relationshipRead MoreThe Cuban Missile Crisis And The Soviet Union1412 Words   |  6 PagesThe Cuban Missile Crisis became the closest the world had ever been to nuclear war, resulting from growing tension in the Cold War between the United States (NATO) and the Soviet Union (Warsaw Pact). Cuba at the time also had ongoing conflict with the United States, after the failed Bay of Pigs Invasion in attempt to overthrow corrupt government leader Fidel Castro. The Soviet Union and Cuba’s newfound similar plights led to a partnership and the strategic positioning for the Soviet Union to implementRead MoreEssay on The Cold War589 Words   |  3 PagesThe Cold War The Cold War had been going on since the end of the Second World War. Although America and Russia had been allies during the war against Nazi Germany, their alliance had always been one of necessity. Now that their common enemy had been defeated, they were able to focus their attentions on each other. America was a democratic, capitalist nation, and the Soviet Union was communist which meant that they were on opposing sides of the spectrum. They wereRead MoreThe End Of World War1303 Words   |  6 Pagesend of World War Two was the beginning of the Cold war. The United States and the Soviet Union emerged from this terrible time in World History with totally different economic and political goals and ambitions. The Cold War was a state of political, military and economic hostility that existed between the United States and the Soviet Union. The ideological differences between the two superpowers, because there was no large-scale fighting directly between the two sides, the world â€Å"cold’ was used toRead MoreThe Cuban Missile Crisis Of 19621502 Words   |  7 PagesThe Cuban Missile Crisis of 1962 reflects possibly the most precarious moment in nuclear history. For the first time, the world’s two nuclear super powers, the United States and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, were poised to destroy each other in a war of unprecedented proportion. On the bri nk of what may have escalated into a nuclear war, the leaders of two nations showed courageous restraint and diplomacy to avoid an exchange of brute force and unimaginable desolation. The situation wasRead MoreAmerican Foreign Policy1482 Words   |  6 Pages As the Cold War continued, American foreign policy morphed. In 1953, upon the election of President Dwight David Eisenhower, Republicans held the majority in both the House and Senate (Hagen, Ruttan 1988, 4). President Eisenhower aspired to cut military spending and abandon containment. From the battlefield to the White House, Eisenhower relied on his military experience and knowledge to hone foreign policy strategies. Though Eisenhower’s policies had endured during his presidency, Kennedy’s presidencyRead MoreThe Cold War and US Diplomacy1296 Words   |  5 PagesThe Cold War and U.S. Diplomacy While President John F. Kennedy was only the commander and chief for a brief period of years, not even fulfilling a full term, he was extremely beloved. Not just for the work that he completed in the United States, such as founding the Peace Corps, but for his strategic and diplomatic relations with what were often extremely tense diplomatic relations. One of the most famous incidents of precarious international relations was the Cuban Missile Crisis; it was duringRead MoreThe U.S./Cuban Showdown and the Cold War1556 Words   |  6 Pagesdays in where the Soviet Union confronted the USA by placing nuclear missles in the island Cuba which is just 90 miles off American mainland is regarded as the closest the two countries came to war in the Cold War period. The short term signifcances were huge, as the world came close to a third world war, but in the long term it actually helped USA and the Soviet Union build a stronger relationship. It led to the Moscow-Washington hotline. However, during the 13 days it proved to many leaders andRead MoreThe Effect of the Cold War on the World1648 Words   |  7 PagesThe question suggests that the rivalry between the superpowers were responsible for worsening and prolonging the regional conflicts. The Cold War was the elongated tension between the Soviet Union and the United States of America. It started in the mid 40s after WWII had left Europe in shambles and USSR and US in superpower positions. The Cold War was a clash of these superpowers in political, ideological, security, and economic values and ideas. It caused a bipolar system in the world where thereRead MoreThe Cuban Missile Crisis Of 19621575 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction The Cold War lasted approximately from 1947 to 1991; which pitted the United States (US) against the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR, Russia or Soviets). During this period of time for both military and political conflict between the two countries, there was a short period of time that not only put these two nations on alert put the rest of the world of a potential nuclear war. This period of time would come to be known as the Cuban Missile Crisis of 1962, which occurred

Adulteration Free Essays

string(59) " o f adul terants i n suga r REQUIREMENTS Test-tubes, dil\." Chemistry Project on STUDY OF ADULTERANTS IN FOOD STUDY OF ADULTERANTS IN FOOD-STUFFS INVESTIGATORY PROJECT iCBSE. com CHEMISTRY PROJECT WORK Name: Agilan Chemistry Project on STUDY OF ADULTERANTS IN FOOD Seal 3 | P a g e Chemistry Project on STUDY OF ADULTERANTS IN FOOD I would like to express my sincere gratitude to my chemistry mentor Mrs. Shirley Zachariah, f or he r v i t a l s up por t , g u i da nc e a n d e nc our a g e me n t – wi t ho ut whi c h t hi s pr oj ec t woul d not ha ve c ome f or t h. We will write a custom essay sample on Adulteration or any similar topic only for you Order Now I woul d a l s o l i ke t o express my gratitude to the lab assistant Mrs. Julie Sam for her support during t he maki ng of t hi s pr oj ect . iCBSE. com 4 | P a g e Chemistry Project on STUDY OF ADULTERANTS IN FOOD S. No. Cont ent s Page No. I. Obj ecti ve 6 II. Introduction 8 III. Theory 9 IV. Experiment 1 10 iCBSE. com V. Experiment 2 11 VI. Experiment 3 12 VII. Resul t 13 VIII. Conclusion 14 IX. Bi bl i og r aphy 15 5 | P a g e Chemistry Project on STUDY OF ADULTERANTS IN FOOD The Objective of this project is to study some of the common food adulterants present in different food stuffs. iCBSE. com 6 | P a g e Chemistry Project on STUDY OF ADULTERANTS IN FOOD CBSE. com 7 | P a g e Chemistry Project on STUDY OF ADULTERANTS IN FOOD Adulteration in food is normally present in its most crude form; pr ohi bi t e d s ubs t anc es ar e e i t her a dded or par t l y o r whol l y s ubs t i t ut ed. Nor ma l l y t he c ont ami na t i on/ a dul t er a t i o n i n f ood i s done ei t he r f or f i nanc i a l gai n or due to carel essness and l ack i n proper hygi en i c condi ti on of processi ng, storing, transportation and marketing. This ultimately results that the consumer is either cheated or often become victim of diseases. Such types of adulteration are quite common in developing countries or backward countries. It is equally important for the consumer to know the common adulterants and t hei r ef f ec t on heal t h. iCBSE. com 8 | P a g e Chemistry Project on STUDY OF ADULTERANTS IN FOOD The increasi ng number of food producers and the outstanding amount of import foodstuffs enables the producers to mislead and cheat consumers. To differentiate those who take advantage of legal rules from the ones who commit food adulteration is very difficult. The consciousness of consumers woul d be c r uc i al . I g nor a nc e an d unf ai r ma r ket be havi or may enda nger consumer health and misleading can lead to poisoning. So we need simple screening tests for their detection. iCBSE. com In the past few decades, adulteration of food has become one of the serious problems. Consumption of adulterated food causes serious diseases l i ke cancer, di arr hoea, ast hma, ul cers , etc. Maj ori ty of f ats , oi l s and butter are par af f i n wa x , c as t or oi l a nd hydr oc ar bons . Red c hi l l i po wde r i s mi x e d wi t h br i c k powder a nd pe pper i s mi x ed wi t h dr i e d pa paya s ee ds . Thes e a dul t er ant s c an be eas i l y i de nt i f i ed by s i mpl e c he mi c al t es t s . Several agencies have been set up by the Government of India to remove adulterants from food stuffs. AGMARK – acronym for agricultural marketing†¦. this organization certifies food products for their quality. Its objective is to promote the Grading and Standardization of agricultural and allied commodities. 9 | P a g e Chemistry Project on STUDY OF ADULTERANTS IN FOOD To detect the presence of adulterants in fat, oil and butter. REQUIREMENTS iCBSE. com Test-tube, acetic anhydride, conc. H SO , a c e t i c a c i d , c onc . HNO . PROCEDURE 4 Common adulterants present in ghee and oil are paraffin wax, hy dr oc ar bo ns , dyes and ar gemo ne oi l . The s e ar e de t ec t e d as f ol l ows : 3 (i) Adulteration of paraffin wax and hydrocarbon in vegetable ghee Heat small amount of vegetable ghee with acetic anhydride. Droplets of oil floating on the surface of unused acetic anhydri de indicates the pr es enc e of wax or hy dr oc ar bons . (ii) Adulteration of dyes in fat Heat 1mL of fat with a mixture of 1mL of conc. sulphuric acid and 4mL of acet i c ac i d. Appear ance of pi nk or r ed col our i ndi cat es pr es enc e of dye i n f at . (iii) Adulteration of argemone oil in edible oils To small amount of oil in a test-tube, add few drops of conc. HNO and shake. Appearance of red colour in the acid layer indicates pr es enc e of ar gemo ne oi l . 3 10 | P a g e Chemistry Project on STUDY OF ADULTERANTS IN FOOD To detec t the presence o f adul terants i n suga r REQUIREMENTS Test-tubes, dil. You read "Adulteration" in category "Papers" HCl. iCBSE. com PROCEDURE Sugar is usually contaminated with washing soda and other insoluble substances which are detected as follows : (i) Adulteration of various insoluble substances in sugar Take small amount of sugar i n a test-tube and shake it with l ittle wat e r . Pur e s ugar di s s ol ves i n wa t er but i ns ol ubl e i mpur i t i es do not di s s ol ve. (ii) Adulteration of chalk powder, washing soda in sugar To small amount of sugar i n a test- tube, add few drops of dil. HCl. Brisk effervescence of CO shows the presence of chal k powder or was hi ng s oda i n t he g i ve n s ampl e of s ugar . 2 11 | P a g e Chemistry Project on STUDY OF ADULTERANTS IN FOOD To detec t the presence o f adul terants i n sampl es of chi l l i powder, turmeric powder and pepper REQUIREMENTS Test-tubes, conc. HCl , di l. HNO iCBSE. com , KI s ol ut i on PROCEDURE 3 Common adulterants present in chilli powder, turmeric powder and pepper a r e r e d c ol our ed l ea d s al t s , ye l l o w l ead s al t s a nd dr i e d papa ya s eeds respecti vel y. They are detected as follows : (i) Adulteration of red lead salts in chilli powder To a sample of chi ll i powder, add dil. HNO . Filter the solution and add 2 drops of potassium iodide solution to the filtrate. Yellow ppt. i ndi cates the presence of l ead sal ts i n chi l l i powder. 3 ii) Adulteration of yellow lead salts to turmeric powder To a sample of turmeric powder add conc. HCl. Appearance of magenta col our shows t he presence of yel l ow oxi des of l ead i n t ur mer i c powder . (iii) Adulteration of brick powder in red chilli powder Add small amount of given red chilli powder in beaker containing wat e r . Br i c k powder s et t l es at t he bot t o m whi l e pur e c hi l l i powder floats over water. (iv) Adulteration of dried papaya seeds in pepper Add small amount of sample of pepper to a beaker containing water and stir with a glass rod. Dried papaya seeds being lighter float over wat e r whi l e pur e pepper s e t t l es at t he bo t t om. 12 | P a g e Chemistry Project on STUDY OF ADULTERANTS IN FOOD EXPT. NO. EXPERI MENT PROCEDURE OBSERVATION 1. Adulterati on of paraff i n wax and hydr ocarbon i n veget abl e ghee 2. Adulterati on of dyes i n f at 3. Adulterati on of argemone oil in edible oi l s 4. Adulterati on of var i ous i ns ol ubl e substances in sugar Heat small amount of veget abl e ghee wi t h ac et i c anhydride. Droplets of oil f l oat i ng on t he s ur f ac e of unused acet i c anhydri de i ndi cat e t he pr es ence of wax CBSE. com H 2 or hydr ocar bon. Heat 1mL of fat with a mixture of 1mL of conc. SO 4 and 4mL of acetic acid. To smal l amount of oi l i n a test tube, add few drops of conc. HNO 3 shake. Take smal l amount of sugar i n a t es t t ube a nd s hake i t with little water. di s s ol ve. 5. Adulterati on of chal k powder , washi ng soda i n s ugar 6. Adeulterati on of yel l ow l ea d s al t s t o turmeric powder 7. Adulterati on of red l ead s a l t s i n c hi l l i powder 8. Adulterati on of brick powder i n chi l l i powder 9. Adulterati on of dried papaya seeds i n pepper To smal l amount of sugar i n a est tube, add a few drops of di l . HCl . To sampl e of t urmeri c powder , add conc. HCl . To a sampl e of chi l l i powder, add dil. HNO . Filter the solution and add 2 drops of KI solution to the filtrate. 3 Add smal l amount of gi ven red chilli powder in a beaker containing water. Add smal l amount of sample of pepper t o beaker containing water and stir with a glass rod. Appearance of oil f l oat i ng on t he surface. Appearance of pink colour. No red colour obs er ved Pure sugar di s s ol ves i n wa t er but i ns ol ubl e i mpuri ti es do not No brisk effervescence obs er ved. Appearance of agenta colour No yellow ppt. Br i ck powder set t l es at the bottom while pure chi l l i powder f l oat s over wat er . Dried papaya seeds bei ng l i ghter fl oat over wat er whi l e pure pepper settl es at the bottom. 13 | P a g e Chemistry Project on STUDY OF ADULTERANTS IN FOOD Selection of wholesome and non-adulterated food is essential for daily l i f e to make sure t hat s uch f oods do not cause any heal t h hazar d. I t i s not pos s i bl e t o e ns ur e whol es ome f ood onl y o n v i s ual ex ami na t i o n whe n t he t ox i c contaminants are present in ppm level. However, visual examination of the food before purchase makes sure to ensure absence of insects, visual fungus, foreign matters, etc. Therefore, due care taken by the consumer at the time of pur c has e of f ood af t er t hor oughl y e x ami ni ng c a n be of gr ea t he l p. S ec ondl y, l abel decl arati on on packed f ood i s ver y i mportant f or knowi ng t he i ngredi ents and nutritional value. It also helps in checking the freshness of the food and t he per i od of bes t bef or e us e. The cons umer s houl d avoi d t aki ng f ood f r om an unhy gi e ni c pl ac e and f ood bei ng pr epa r ed under unhyg i eni c c ondi t i ons . S uc h t ypes of f ood may caus e var i ous di s eas es . Cons umpt i on of cut f r ui t s bei ng s ol d i n unhygi eni c condi ti ons shoul d be avoi ded. I t i s al ways bet ter to buy cert i f i ed food from reputed shop. iCBSE. com 14 | P a g e Chemistry Project on STUDY OF ADULTERANTS IN FOOD iCBSE. com ENCARTA ENCYCLOPEDIA 2009 www. wikipedia. com www. answers. com www. google. com 15 | P a g e How to cite Adulteration, Papers

Quality Management in Service Industries Essay Example

Quality Management in Service Industries Essay Part 1. Introduction In present time, there is a worldwide trend that service industry occupies a dominant position in the economy in the majority of developed countries and areas. Without a doubt, major changes in government policy and business transactions have a significant influence on the flourish of services industry. However, nowadays the increased value of services also brings big pressure on marketers to implement different strategies because there are big variances in the features of service and physical product. To start with, this essay will focus on the reasons why is quality such an important issue in the marketing of services. Furthermore, the reasons why is quality more difficult to manage in service industries than it is in the case of physical goods will also be discussed in this essay. Part 2. Basic Definition I. Quality In manufacturing, a measure of excellence or a state of being free from defects, deficiencies, and significant variations, brought about by the strict and consistent adherence to measurable and verifiable standards to achieve uniformity of output that satisfies specific customer or user requirements. ISO 8402-1986 standard defines quality as â€Å"the totality of features and characteristics of a product or service that bears its ability to satisfy stated or implied needs. We will write a custom essay sample on Quality Management in Service Industries specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Quality Management in Service Industries specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Quality Management in Service Industries specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer â€Å" II. Services As one kind of products in the market, â€Å"services are deeds, processes, and performance provided or coproduced by one entity or person for another entity or person. Services as products represent a wide range of intangible product offering that customers value and pay for in the marketplace. †(Bruhn Georgi, 2006) For example, haircuts, consulting, training and travel are representative services. In present society, there is a staggering increasing rate in services industry, which is defined as â€Å"all economic activities whose output is not a physical product or construction, is generally consumed at the time it is produced, and provides added value in forms that are essentially intangible concerns of its first purchaser†. (Lovelock, Wirtz, 2006) III. Service Quality Service quality is defined as â€Å"the customer’s evaluation of a service, where they compared what the receive according to the service’s characteristics with their exceptions regarding these characteristics. (Bruhn Georgi, 2006) Therefore, it is apparent that delivering quality service is linked to customer satisfaction and retention, competitive advantage and long-term profitability. In general customers usually look at the quality of both the process and outcomes of services delivery, which means they take both of technical quality and functional quality into account. Part 3. The importance of quality in the marketing of services The biggest barrier for customers in evaluating service quality is the intangible nature of the service. Most consumers lack the knowledge or the skills to evaluate the quality of many types of services. Therefore, they must place a great deal of faith in the integrity and competence of the service provider. Despite the difficulties in evaluating quality, service quality may be the only way customers can choose one service over another. For this reason, services marketers live or die by understanding how consumers judge service quality. The following table defines five dimensions that customers use when evaluating the importance of service quality. They are tangibles, reliability, responsiveness, assurance, and empathy. (Goodwin and R. Radford, 2008) Reliability is the most important in determining customer evaluations of service quality of the five. Services managers pay a great deal of attention to the tangibles dimension of service quality. Tangible attributes, or search qualities, such as the appearance of facilities and employees, are often the only aspects of a service that can be viewed before purchases and consumption. Consequently, service managers must ensure that these tangible lements are consistent with the overall image of the service product. Except for the tangibles dimension, the criteria that customers use to judge service quality are intangible. For example, how does a customer judge reliability? Since dimensions such as reliability cannot be examined with the sense, consumers must rely on other ways of judging service criteria. One of the most important factors in the judgments of service quality by consumers is service expectations. These are influenced by past experiences with the service, oral communication from other customers and the service company’s own advertising. For example, customers are usually eager to try a new restaurant, especially when friends recommend it. These same customers may have also seen advertisements placed by the restaurant. As a result, these customers have an idea of what to expect when they visit the restaurant for the first time. When they finally eat out at the restaurant, the quality they experience will change the expectations they have for their next visit and their own comments to friends and colleagues. This is the major reason why providing consistent high service quality is important. If the quality of a restaurant, or any services, begins to deteriorate, customers will alter their own expectations and oral communication to others accordingly. The most critical aspect of service quality specifications is managers’ commitment to service quality. Service managers who are committed to quality become role models for all employees in the organization. (Kasper, H. , van Helsdingen, P. , De Vries, W, 1999) Such commitment motivates customer contact employees to comply with service specifications. It is also important that all managers within the organization embrace this commitment, especially front line managers, who are much closer to customers than higher level managers. Consumers want to have a good shopping experience and the most important aspect of a consumer’s shopping experience is her quality of service. The most important aspect of a consumer’s decision on where to shop is going to be her perception concerning the quality of customer service she receives is congruent with the level of respect and courtesy required to earn and retain er loyalty as a contentious consumer. If an organization fails to provide quality customer service, the possibility of that customer’s continuing as a patron of the organization is highly doubtful. A customer shops at the locations where he or she feels comfortable and where the service provided is of the highest quality. Quality customer service is a important aspect of a shopper’s experience and if this is overlooked at any time by an organization, the company’s ability to consistently provide continued value to the consumer will be seriously compromised. The customer service is an important aspect of any business’s ability to remain a market force in an increasingly competitive and diverse marketplace. Good customer service, above all else, is the primary factor in an organization’s ability to remain growth and increase profitability over the long-term. (Mudie, P. Cottam, A. 1999) Consistently addressing the needs of the consumer through attention to detail, prompt and good-mannered assistance, and the providing of knowledgeable employees is the first objective in providing a memorable shopping experience. Effective customer service policies focus on providing the customer with customer service that is always consistent and focuses on the customer. When an organization creates a customer-centric and high-quality customer service policy, the organization will continue to create lasting value for the consumer. The key to providing good quality customer service and retaining a customer for the long term is providing the customer with lasting value during his or her shopping experience. A company should promote lasting value in the products it provides and in the quality of service provided to the customer by the organization’s employees. Companies that continually focus on the best ways to provide the customer with lasting value and quality customer service compared to the services that the customer could expect to receive from a competitor are assured of the potential to create loyal repeat customers out of each customer that the organization assists. Providing good customer service is important to retaining customers against a competitor who sells the same or similar products. (Mudie, P. Cottam, A. 1999) When two competitors offer the same products at similar prices, the customer will consistently return to the location where they received the best ervice. In providing the best service available, an organization creates lasting value for the customer and any organization that focuses on providing lasting value and unsurpassed customer service will continually ensure that the customers the organization assists become customers for life. Adopting policies that focus on creating lasting value for the customer and provides him with unsurpassed customer service inherently gains long-term loyalty from that consumer. Part 4. Quality is more difficult to manage in service industries than it is in the case of physical goods The service industry alters the goods they provide, while the physical goods are presented as is. If you are buying a pair of jeans, for instance, then you get that as is. As long as nothing changes concerning those jeans, then it is easy to regulate and maintain their quality. But if you get a haircut, for instance, then no two will be alike and that increases the chances for mishap. Not only are you getting it from different individuals, but each person cutting the hair won’t always provide the same type of service from one person to another. The service industry relies more heavily on human performance than that of the physical goods industry. In the physical goods industry, you can say a quality product is one that has certain measureable characteristics. For example, we could say a quality car is testing safely to a certain standard, getting a certain number of miles per gallon or attaining a certain number of miles per hour in so many seconds. In the services industries, this is much more difficult. We can not easily say what it is exactly that makes a service good for everyone, because it is subjective. For example, you might want to cut your hair, but someone else might like theirs long; or you might want quick customer service more than quality customer service, while someone else might have an opposite idea. Once an organization understands its customers’ needs, it must establish goals to help ensure good service delivery. These goals, or service specifications, are typically set in terms of employee or machine performance. For example, a bank may require its employees to conform to a dress code. Likewise, the bank may require that all incoming phone calls be answered by the third ring. (Zeithaml, V. A. , Bitner, M. J. Gremler, D. D. 2009) Specifications like these can be very important in providing quality service as long as they are tied to the needs expressed by customers. Physical goods are considered quality dependant only on the process of their manufacture. Services on the other hand depend both on the process and the customers’ opinion. Part 5. Conclusion To sum up, quality is an important issue in the marketing of service and it is more difficult to manage in service industries than in the case of physical goods. Quality customer service experiences are the driving force behind customer retention and customer satisfaction. Maximizing the benefits provided through sound customer service policies ensures that the satisfied consumer will express his satisfaction to others and assist the company in continuing to grow their client base through acquisition of customers who are dissatisfied with the level of service they get from the organization’s competitors. Tapping into the ability of customer service to maximize this continuous opportunity for revenue is the single most important objective for any company looking to gain a competitive advantage in the highly diverse business environment of today. In order to create the maximized value and satisfy customers, the marketers need to pay more attention to the quality manag ement in service industries. Part 6. References Bruhn, M. Georgi, D. 2006. Services marketing: managing the service value chain. Harlow, UK: Prentice Hall Financial Times. C. Goodwin and R. Radford, 2008. â€Å"Models of Service Delivery: An Integrative Perspective,† in Advances in Services Marketing and Management, ed. T. A. Swartz, D. E. Bowen, and S. W. Bowen, (Stamford, Ct: Jai Press) pp. 231-252. C. Hegge-Kleiser, â€Å"American Express Travel-Related Services: A Human Resources Approach to Managing Quality,† in Managing Quality in America’s Most Admired Companies, ed. J. W. Spechler (San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler Publishers, 1993), pp. 205-212 J. Reynoso and B. Moores, â€Å"Operationalising the Quality on Internal Support Operations in Service Organizations,† in Advances in Services Marketing and Management, Vol. 6, eds. T. A. Swartz, D. E. Bowen, and S. W. Brown (Green-wich, CT: JAI Press, 1997), pp. 147-170 Kasper, H. , van Helsdingen, P. , De Vries, W. 1999. Services marketing management: An international perspective. Chichester: Wiley. Lovelock, C. Wirtz, J. 2006. Services marketing (6th ed. ). Upper Saddle River NJ: Prentice? Hall. McColl? Kennedy, J. R (Ed. ). 2003. Services marketing: A managerial approach. Milton, Qld: John Wiley Sons. Mudie, P. Cottam, A. 1999. The management and marketing of services. Oxford: Butterworth? Heinemann. Pieter P. Tordoir (1995). The professional knowledge economy: the management and integration services in business organizations. p. 140. Zeithaml, V. A. , Bitner, M. J. Gremler, D. D. 2009. Services marketing: Integrating customer focus across the firm (5th ed. ). Sydney: McGraw? Hill Irwin.